What can excessive polarization in a cathodic protection system lead to?

Excessive polarization in a cathodic protection system can lead to inadequate protection due to the potential that it creates for localized corrosion. When the polarization level becomes too high, it can cause the anodes to become less effective, leading to an insufficient protective current reaching the metal substrate that requires protection. In a properly functioning cathodic protection system, the goal is to maintain a controlled level of polarization that effectively mitigates corrosion without excessive buildup, which could actually reverse the intended effects and allow for active corrosion processes to occur on the metallic structure being protected.

Improved conductivity, corrosion prevention, and increased voltage are not direct results of excessive polarization and do not align with the intended outcomes of an effective cathodic protection system. Thus, recognizing the balance between adequate polarization and excessive polarization is crucial for maintaining the effectiveness of corrosion protection methods.