What type of ions are formed when atoms lose electrons?

When atoms lose electrons, they form cations. This occurs because the loss of negatively charged electrons results in a net positive charge for the atom. In a neutral atom, the number of protons (positively charged) equals the number of electrons. When one or more electrons are removed, the balance shifts toward a higher number of protons than electrons, leading to a positively charged ion, or cation.

Understanding the distinction between ions is important in the study of electrochemistry and corrosion, especially in contexts like coatings and protective equipment on structures to prevent corrosion. Anions form when atoms gain electrons, resulting in a net negative charge, but this does not apply when electrons are lost. Molecules are formed by bonds between atoms, while neutrons are neutral particles found in atomic nuclei and do not relate to the process of electron loss in the formation of ions.